Lesson 218

Parts of the Sentence - Verbals - Noun Infinitives

An infinitive is a verbalA verbal is a verb form used as some other part of speech. Source: Lesson 206 that is to plus a verb form. It can be used as a nounA noun is a word that names a person, place, thing, or idea. Examples: man, city, book, and courage. Source: Lesson 16.

Examples:
to be, to see, to be seen, to be eaten

Noun infinitives may be compound.

Example:
I want to eat and to sleep.

The noun infinitive can be a subjectThe subject tells who or what about the verb. Source: Lesson 91, a direct objectA direct object receives the action performed by the subject. The verb used with a direct object is always an action verb. Another way of saying it is that the subject does the verb to the direct object.
Source: Lesson 109, a predicate nominativeA predicate nominative or predicate noun completes a linking verb and renames the subject. It is a complement or completer because it completes the verb. Predicate nominatives complete only linking verbs. The verb in a sentence having a predicate nominative can always be replaced by the word equals. Source: Lesson 102, an appositiveAn appositive is a word or group of words that identifies or renames the noun or pronoun that it follows. It is set off by commas unless closely tied to the word that it identifies or renames. ("Closely tied" means that it is needed to identify the word.) An appositive can follow any noun or pronoun. Source: Lesson 128, or an object of a prepositionA preposition is a word that begins a prepositional phrase and shows the relationship between its object and another word in the sentence. A preposition must always have an object. Source: Lesson 180.

Examples:
To eat is fun. (subject)
I like to eat. (direct object)
A fun thing is to eat. (predicate nominative)
My hope, to travel, never happened. (appositive)
I want nothing but to save. (object of preposition)

Noun infinitives can have with them direct objects, predicate nominatives, predicate adjectivesAn adjective that comes after a linking verb and modifies the subject.
Source: Lesson 155, or modifiers to form what is called an infinitive phrase.

Example:
To eatS solidAdj foodsDO is hard for babies.

To eat solid foodsS is hard for babies. (the phrase is the subject)

To eat is the noun infinitive used as the subject of the verb is. It has its own direct object foods with the adjective solid, which together make up the infinitive phrase.

Instructions: Find the compound noun infinitives and noun infinitive phrases in the following sentences and tell if they are used as a subject, a direct object, a predicate nominative, an appositive, or an object of a preposition.

1. Their war aims, to kill the people and to destroy the nation, were not accomplished.

Their war aims, to kill the peopleApp and
to destroy the nationApp,
were not

accomplished.

2. They wanted to score and to win the game.

They wanted to scoreDO and
to win the gameDO.

3. The woman's hobby was to camp and to hike.

The woman's hobby was to campPN and to hikePN.

4. I only desired one thing, to forgive you and to forget our differences.

I only desired one thing, to forgive youApp
and
to forget our differencesApp.

5. To see and to hear are highly developed senses in many animals.

To seeS and to hearS are highly
developed senses in many animals.